Abstract Intracranial isolated varix is a very rare entity.Although it is usually asymptomatic, there are reports on symptomatic cases with hemorrhage or mass effect that mostly relate to arteriovenous fistulas or arteriovenous malformations.We present an extremely rare case of trigeminal neuralgia caused by Pre-order an isolated varix.A 55-year-ol… Read More

Biliary adenomas that are usually found in surgically removed gallbladders are rare, but can also occur in the extrahepatic biliary tree.We present a case series of extrahepatic bile duct adenomas at our institution, along with a review of the literature.All three patients with extrahepatic biliary adenomas (two in the common bile ducts, one in the… Read More

The radiolarian chert rocks are one of the most important indications of the existence of ophiolites because they are a source of silica supply.These rocks have been studied to refute and reject the idea that ophiolites do not existed.The Si/(Si+Al+Fe+Ca) ratio in the radiolarian chert indicates that the silica is of biogenic origin and adds SiO2 f… Read More

Herbaceous plants rely on a combination of turgor, ground tissues and geometry for mechanical support of leaves and stems.Unlike most angiosperms however, ferns employ a sub-dermal layer of fibers, known as a hypodermal sterome, for support of their leaves.The sterome is nearly ubiquitous in ferns, but nothing is known about its role in Diet and We… Read More

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing relying on subcarrier index modulation (OFDM-SIM), the Candle Sconce information is conveyed by both the indices of the activated subcarriers and the conventional amplitude-phase modulated (APM) symbols.It has been shown that OFDM-SIM is capable of striking a tradeoff between the attainable spectral eff… Read More